Many users face a situation where they need to connect a device to a wireless network, but manually entering a complex password is inconvenient or impossible due to the lack of a keyboard. This is precisely the kind of situation that technology exists for. WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup), which simplifies the authorization process. Most often, a physical button on the router is used for this, but a digital method requiring entering a special number combination is also available.
Connection via PIN code This is especially important for devices without a display, such as printers, game consoles, or some Smart TV models. In this case, the code is either generated by the router itself or specified by the user in the interface settings. Understanding how this function works will help you quickly configure your equipment without having to memorize long alphanumeric sequences.
However, it's important to remember that using a PIN code carries certain security risks if basic security rules aren't followed. In this article, we'll cover where to find the required code, how to enter it, and what precautions you should take to keep your network protected from unauthorized access.
What is WPS and how does the PIN method work?
Technology Wi-Fi Protected Setup was developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance to simplify the creation of a home wireless network. The main goal of the standard was to allow devices to connect to a router without having to manually configure encryption settings. There are several methods for implementing the protocol, but the most common are pressing a physical button (PBC) and entering PIN code.
The digital method involves using an eight-digit code, which serves as an authorization key. This code can be static (printed on a device sticker) or dynamic (generated by software). When you enter the PIN code in the interface of the connecting device, the router verifies its correctness and, if successful, automatically transmits all the necessary connection data, including SSID and encryption type.
The data exchange process occurs in the background and takes only a few seconds. The user does not need to know the encryption type (WPA2 or WPA3) or the exact network name. The protocol automatically negotiates the best parameters. This is especially convenient for guests or people without technical knowledge, allowing them to access the internet with literally one click or input of numbers.
⚠️ Attention: Static PIN codes printed on factory stickers are a security vulnerability. If an attacker gains physical access to the router or a photograph of the sticker, they can connect to your network. It is recommended to use dynamic codes or disable WPS after use.
Where can I find the PIN code on my router or in the settings?
Finding the code you need depends on your device model and manufacturer. In most cases, basic information is located on the bottom panel of the device. Look for a sticker with the following text: WPS PIN, PIN Code or simply 8 digits separate from the Wi-Fi password. This code is often the same as the serial number or part of it.
If the sticker has been erased or the code has been changed, you can obtain up-to-date information through the router's web interface. To do this, log in to the control panel, usually accessible at 192.168.0.1 or 192.168.1.1After authorization (the login and password are often indicated on the same sticker), you need to go to the wireless network section.
While interfaces vary across manufacturers, the search logic is the same. Below is a table with sample paths for popular brands to help you navigate the menu more quickly:
| Manufacturer | Path to the menu | Location on the body |
|---|---|---|
| TP-Link | Wireless -> WPS | On the back, next to the WPS button |
| ASUS | Administration -> System | At the bottom of the device |
| D-Link | Wi-Fi -> WPS | Separate PIN sticker |
| Keenetic | System -> Settings | Under the removable antenna (rare) |
In some modern router models, the PIN generation function may be hidden or disabled by default for security reasons. If you don't find the appropriate field, try updating your device's firmware or look for the "PIN generation" section. Advanced SettingsIt's also worth checking remotely whether the WPS function is blocked by your internet service provider.
Step-by-step instructions for connecting devices via PIN
The connection process varies depending on the type of device you want to integrate into the network. Let's look at a general workflow that will suit most technology use cases. WPSFirst, make sure the router is turned on and broadcasting a signal, and the target device is within a strong reception area.
If you're connecting a Windows computer, open the list of available networks, select yours, and click "Connect." When prompted for a password, select "Enter a PIN instead." A window will appear asking you to enter the 8-digit password found on your router or in its settings. After entering it, click "Next" and wait for confirmation.
☑️ Check before connection
For printers and MFPs, the procedure is often different. On the printer's control panel, find the network menu and select "Setup Wizard" or "WPS (PIN)." The device will display its own PIN code or ask you to enter the router's code. In the first case, enter this code in the router's web interface in the appropriate field. In the second case, enter the code from the printer's screen into the computer or phone's settings.
Timing is important. The WPS protocol is time-sensitive. If you fail to enter the code or complete the setup within two minutes, the process will have to be restarted. This is done intentionally to protect against brute-force attacks, although it does create some inconvenience for the user.
⚠️ Attention: Menu interfaces and item names may change after updating your router's firmware. If you don't find an exact match, look for similar sections related to wireless mode or security.
Setting up WPS and generating a code in the router interface
For those who prefer complete control over their network, manual WPS settings are available through the admin panel. This allows you to not only change the current code but also generate a new one by overriding the factory default. This significantly increases the security of your local network.
Go to your router settings and find the section responsible for the wireless network (Wireless). There should be a tab inside it. WPSHere you'll see the function's status (enabled/disabled) and the router's current PIN. Often, there's a "Generate New PIN" or "Change PIN" button nearby; clicking this will create a new random combination.
Some advanced models allow you to set time limits for the PIN code. You can set a rule so that the code is only valid for 10 minutes or until the first successful login. After that, WPS access is automatically blocked. This is ideal for temporary guest connections.
What should I do if the generate button is inactive?
If the PIN code change option is unavailable (grayed out), it may mean that your router firmware doesn't support this feature or it's blocked by your internet service provider. Try updating your device's firmware to the latest version from the manufacturer's official website. In rare cases, a full reset is required, but this will erase all your current configurations.
Don't forget to save your changes. After generating a new code, older devices previously connected via WPS may require re-authorization if they haven't saved a network profile with full permissions. Always check the list of connected clients after changing security settings.
Using a PIN code on different operating systems
Support for WPS technology and PIN entry varies depending on the operating system. While desktop operating systems offer extensive features, mobile platforms often limit functionality in favor of security and interface simplicity.
In the operating system Windows Support is native and complete. As mentioned earlier, the system automatically prompts you to enter a PIN when attempting to connect. In Windows 10 and 11, this process is as automated as possible. However, in some enterprise builds, this feature may be disabled by group policies.
The situation with Android More complicated. Starting with version 9 (Pie), Google completely removed native WPS support from the system for security reasons. This means that entering the router's PIN on a modern smartphone is no longer possible using standard tools. Users are forced to use third-party apps or connect via a QR code generated by the router.
- 📱 iOS: Apple never supported WPS on iPhone and iPad, relying on AirDrop technology and automatic password sharing between Apple ID devices.
- 💻 macOS: It also does not have built-in WPS support, requiring manual password entry or the use of an app from the router manufacturer.
- 🖨️ Linux: Support depends on the distribution and network manager (NetworkManager usually supports WPS via a GUI or utility
wps_gui).
If you own an Android smartphone and you absolutely need to use a PIN code, the only legal way is to use an application from the router manufacturer (for example, Tether, Link, MyTiWi), which connects to the router and controls its settings, bypassing OS restrictions.
Security issues and protection against hacking
Despite its convenience, WPS technology, and the PIN code method in particular, has serious vulnerabilities. The main problem lies in the code verification algorithm. The eight-digit PIN code is not verified as a whole, but in parts: first the first four digits, then the next three. The last digit serves as a checksum.
This architecture allows hacker tools (for example, Reaver or Bully) to brute-force the code in just a few hours, sometimes even minutes. Unlike a complex WPA2 password, which would take centuries to crack, the WPS PIN is vulnerable to brute-force attacks. This is why many cybersecurity experts recommend disabling this feature.
If you don't regularly use a PIN code connection, the best solution is to completely disable WPS in your router settings. This will close a potential security hole. If you do need this feature, avoid using the factory static codes and change them regularly.
⚠️ Attention: Some providers or router models may not have the ability to completely disable WPS, even if the interface allows it. In such cases, the only security options are to use a complex password for the main network and MAC address filtering.
It's also worth remembering the risks of physical access. If an unscrupulous friend comes to visit, they can take a photo of the sticker on the router and later connect to your network, even if you've changed the main Wi-Fi password but left WPS enabled with the factory PIN.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Is it possible to connect to Wi-Fi using a PIN code if the router does not have a WPS button?
Yes, you can. A physical button isn't required for the technology to work. The key is that the WPS function is enabled in the router's software settings. You can manage it through the web interface in the wireless network section.
What should I do if my router says "Incorrect PIN code"?
Check that you haven't mixed up the numbers 0 and the letters O, 1, and I. Make sure WPS is enabled in your router settings. Also, try rebooting the router, as a temporary issue with the authentication service may be blocking correct data entry.
Is it safe to leave WPS enabled all the time?
From a security standpoint, no. The WPS protocol has known vulnerabilities. It's recommended to enable this feature only while connecting a new device, and then immediately disable it in the settings.
Where can I get a PIN code if the sticker on my router has come off?
The only way to find the code in this case is to access the router settings via a browser (usually 192.168.0.1 or 192.168.1.1) and look in the WPS section. If the admin password is also unknown, you'll have to reset the router using the reset button on the router.