How to connect two laptops to a local network via WiFi in Windows 10

Creating a local network between two laptops isn't just a technical task, but a necessity when you need to quickly transfer gigabytes of data, organize a cooperative game, or simply share a printer. Modern technologies make it possible to do this without unnecessary wires, using a standard Wi-Fi router or even a direct connection between computers. Windows 10 provides built-in tools for this scenario, but security settings often block connection attempts out of the box.

In this article, we'll cover two main ways to set up a connection: the classic method via a home router and a direct laptop-to-laptop connection without intermediaries. You'll learn how to set it up correctly. exchange protocols, open access to folders, and troubleshoot common errors that occur when trying to see another device in a network environment. Properly configured network settings are essential for stable operation without connection interruptions.

Before you begin, make sure both devices have the latest wireless adapter drivers installed. Wi-Fi module This can lead to intermittent connection drops, even if all operating system settings are correct. It's also important to understand the difference between private and public network profiles, as this determines your computer's visibility to other users.

Equipment preparation and compatibility testing

The first step is to physically check the equipment's accessibility. Both laptops must be within range of a strong signal if you plan to use a router. If creating a direct network, the distance between the devices should not exceed several meters to ensure a stable connection. Ensure that the wireless adapters are activated and functioning correctly.

Checking your network profile is crucial. Windows 10 assigns new connections the "Public Network" status by default, which automatically hides your computer from detection by other devices for security reasons. You need to change this setting to "Private Network" to allow data exchange.

⚠️ Important: Changing your network profile to "Private" makes your computer visible to other devices on the network. Use this mode only on trusted home or office networks, never on public hotspots (cafes, airports).

To edit your profile, go to Settings → Network & Internet → StatusClick on your connection properties and select the "Private" network type. This will open ports for discovery and allow the service processes responsible for searching for nearby PCs to start.

It's also worth checking that both laptops have support for the required network components enabled. Users often forget that basic protocols can be disabled in the adapter settings, making it impossible to establish a connection even with the correct OS settings.

Method 1: Creating a network via a Wi-Fi router

The most stable and simple option is to use an existing wireless router. In this case, laptops connect to the same access point, receiving IP addresses from the same subnet. This ensures high data transfer speeds and minimizes the risk of packet loss.

First, connect both laptops to the same Wi-Fi network. Make sure the connection indicators are steady. After that, you need to enable network discovery. Go to Control Panel → Network and Internet → Network and Sharing Center.

In the left pane, select "Change sharing settings." Here, you'll need to enable the following options for the "Private" profile:

• 📡 Enable network discovery
• 📂 Enable file and printer sharing
• 🔐 Allow management of HomeGroup connections

Once these features are enabled, the operating system will begin broadcasting presence signals. If the devices are on the same subnet, they should appear in the "Network" section of File Explorer after a short while. Sometimes, a restart of the discovery service or the computers themselves may be required.

It's important to note that antivirus software or a built-in firewall may block connections even after all the settings have been configured. If the laptops can't see each other, try temporarily disabling the firewall to test.

⚠️ Note: Router interfaces and firmware versions may differ. If the default settings don't apply, check the manufacturer's official website for the latest instructions for your router model.

Method 2: Direct Laptop-to-Laptop Connection (Ad-Hoc)

If a router isn't available or isn't possible, Windows 10 allows you to create a direct wireless connection. This method is known as an ad-hoc network. One device acts as an access point, while the other connects to it as a client.

To implement this method on the first laptop (the one that will be "sharing" the network), open a command prompt with administrator rights. This can be done through the search by entering cmd, then right-click and select "Run as administrator".

Enter the command to create a virtual access point:

netsh wlan set hostednetwork mode=allow ssid=MyLocalNet key=Password123

Where MyLocalNet — the name of your network, and Password123 — the connection password. After the command has successfully completed, enter:

netsh wlan start hostednetwork

Now, on the second laptop, find the created network in the list of available Wi-Fi connections and enter the password. The connection is established. However, to transfer files, you need to set up sharing as described in the previous sections.

Please note that the built-in Wi-Fi module may not support hosted network mode on some older laptop models. In this case, the system will return an error when attempting to start the network.

What if the driver does not support the hosted network?

If you receive a message about unsupported Wi-Fi adapters when running the command, try updating your Wi-Fi adapter drivers from the manufacturer's website. You can also use third-party utilities to create virtual access points that bypass driver limitations.

Setting up shared access to folders and files

Once the computers have "seen" each other, they need to grant access rights to specific resources. Simply connecting isn't enough—the system must explicitly specify which folders can be opened for reading or writing.

Select the folder you want to share. Right-click it, select "Properties," and go to the "Sharing" tab. Click the "Advanced" button.

Check the "Share this folder" box. Below, in the "Permissions" button, you can fine-tune the permissions:

• 📝 Full access - allows you to modify, delete, and create files
• 👁️ Edit - Allows editing, but not deletion
• 📖 Reading - View content only

Don't forget to go to the "Security" tab in the folder properties and add the "Everyone" user with the necessary permissions. Without this step, the system may block access, citing insufficient NTFS permissions.

For ease of use, you can map the shared folder as a network drive. In File Explorer, click "This PC," select "Map network drive," and specify the path to the folder on the other computer (e.g., \\NameOfPC\SharedFolder) and check the box "Restore at logon".

Solving common connection problems and errors

Even with the correct settings, users often encounter errors. One of the most common is "Windows cannot access...." This is often due to disabled services or incorrect SMB protocol settings.

Please check if the following services are running. Click Win + R, enter services.msc and find:

• 🛠️ Publishing Function Discovery Resources
• 🔍 Discovery Provider Host
• 💻 Remote Access Connection Manager

Make sure these services are running and their startup type is set to "Automatic." If they are stopped, the network environment will be empty.

Another common issue is the password requirement upon sign-in. If you're on a trusted home network and want easier access, you can disable the password requirement. To do this, in the Network and Sharing Center, under "All Networks," select "Turn off password-protected sharing."

However, if your laptops are on a corporate network or you use public Wi-Fi, leaving this option disabled is dangerous. Attackers could gain access to your data.

Comparison of methods and characteristics table

The choice of connection method depends on your goals. A router provides stability and internet access for all devices, while a direct connection is convenient for quickly transferring files in the field without external infrastructure.

Below is a comparison table to help you decide which method to use for organizing local communications:

For permanent work in the office or at home, it's preferable to use a router. This eliminates the need to configure virtual networks each time and ensures that all devices are on the same network segment.

If you need to share a movie with a colleague at the next desk where there are no power outlets, the ad-hoc method will be a lifesaver. The main thing is to remember data security when using open communication channels.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Why can't computers see each other even though Wi-Fi is connected?

Most likely, your network profile is set to "Public." Switch it to "Private" in the network settings. Also, check if network discovery is enabled in the Network and Sharing Center.

Is it possible to combine laptops with different versions of Windows?

Yes, Windows 10 works successfully on the same network as Windows 7, 8, and 11. Problems may only arise with very old systems (XP), which require enabling the SMBv1 protocol, which is not recommended for security reasons.

How to find out the IP address of the second laptop?

On the second laptop, open a command prompt and type ipconfigYou're interested in the "IPv4 address" line. This address allows you to access shared resources through File Explorer.

Is it safe to disable password protection for network access?

On a home network without other devices, this is acceptable for convenience. Disabling password protection in public places or offices is strictly not recommended, as your files will be accessible to anyone connected to the Wi-Fi network.

Why is file transfer so slow?

Speed ​​may be limited by the Wi-Fi band (2.4 GHz is slower than 5 GHz), distance from the router, or channel congestion. For larger data volumes, it's better to use a cable connection or the 5 GHz band.